Systemic immune activation and thrombosis result. 1,2 Clinical pathophysiology stems from maternal infusions of fetal debris (amniotic fluid, meconium, fetal squamous cells, vernix) which causes an abnormal cellular response and anaphylactoid presentation. A case study is presented of a woman with a seemingly normal obstetric course that became complicated rapidly following development of an AFE. The precise etiology of AFE is elusive, with no laboratory tests to confirm diagnosis. Knowledge, simulation, and familiarization of a Massive Obstetric Transfusion protocol can help all members of the perinatal team recognize and respond to women with AFE in a timely and effective manner. Proper treatment of AFE requires a multidisciplinary approach to decrease maternal morbidity and mortality.

Presentation is abrupt and thought to be an abnormal response to fetal materials. Most AFE events occur during labor however, approximately one third happen during the immediate postpartum period. The treatment is still not causative but supportive and focuses ini- tially on. Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but serious and potentially deadly complication of pregnancy that is unpreventable and unpredictable. Generally, the diagnosis is based on clinical status when the classic triad of hypoxia, hypotension, and subsequent coagulopathy are noted in a laboring woman or woman who just gave birth, and no other plausible explanation can be determined. Presently, the AFE diagnosis is not based on any clinical or laboratory finding.

This can be challenging as there are no set diagnostic criteria or specific laboratory tests. Care providers must recognize the signs and symptoms of AFE and react quickly to treat potential complications. Presentation is abrupt and thought to be an abnormal response to fetal materials entering maternal circulation through the placental insertion site.

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but serious and potentially deadly complication of pregnancy that is unpreventable and unpredictable.

Lab tests for amniotic fluid embolism